Terry pile weave



1957 JOHN HENRY HARDING GENERALLY KNOWN AS HARRY J. HARDING TERRY FILE WEAVE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 14, 1953 AQRNEYS Nov. 26, 1957 Filed Sept. 14, 1953 JOHN HENRY HARDING GENERALLY KNOWN AS HARRY J. HARDING TERRY PILE WEAVE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Harry Harr m M 25 ATTORNEY 6'.

Nov. 26, 1957 JOHN HENRY HARDING 2,814,314

GENERALLY KNOWN As HARRY J. HARDING TERRYG FILE WEAVE Filed'Sept. 14, 1953 4 SheetsSheet 3 INV NTOR Jain Henry/ am in general? known as I n f Nov. 26,1957

Filed Sept. 14, 1953 JOHN HENRY HARDING GENERALLY KNOWNAS HARRY J.. HARDING TERRY PILE WEAVE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jaiirz Hf??? yer: 7'

INVEN OR liar EYS.

TERRY PHIE WEAVE John Henry Harding, generally known as Harry J. Harding, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to C. H. Maslaud & Sons, Carlisle, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvama Application September 14, 1953, Serial No. 380,058 6 Qlairns. ((1339-69) The present invention relates to pile fabrics and their weaving and is particularly concerned with floor coverings such as carpets and rugs. i

A purpose of the invention is to raise terry loops more positively by positively feeding forward pile warp yarn when it is at least partially lowered in the shed, and Weft has been inserted and the weft is being beaten up toward the fell. 7 s p A further purpose is to avoid the necessity of using special thread-ins or draw-ups for producing terry loops in pile fabrics.

A further purpose is to form terry loops along with ordinary pile loops and float pile loops in pile fabrics.

A further purpose is to accomplish the feeding of the pile warp yarn by a roll having a roughened exterior which is positively fed forward, and which desirably cooperates with a guide positioned at about the lower portion of the heddles.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.

In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 are warpwise weave step diagrams showing the main features in weaving a fabric in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 1a is an enlarged fragment of Figure 1 showing avariation.

Figure 4 is a warpwise diagram showing the completed weave of Figures 1 to 3, as applied to a Wilton carpet or rug having float pile projections and normal pile projections.

Figure 5 is a transverse thread-in diagram showing one dent of the reed and illustrating the conventional draw-up which may be used in each dent in Figures 1 to 4.

Figure 6 is a view corresponding to Figure 5 showing one of many special draw-ups which may be used in each dent in the invention.

Figure 7 is a view corresponding to Figure 4 showing a velvet pile carpet weave according to the invention, no floats being used.

Figure 8 is a view corresponding to Figure 4, showing a variation employing a terry pile warp and no normal pile warp.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary end elevation of the feed of the terry forming roll.

The present invention is a further development of the subject matter of Frank W. E. Hoeselbarth United States patent application Serial No. 290,733, filed May 29, 1952, for Terry Pile Weaving, now Patent No. 2,714,399.

Terry weaving has in the past been applied to pile fabrics, but it has necessitated departing from normal weaving practice in one of several respects. For example, in some instances it has been necessary to use a Patented Nov. 26, 1957 ice racy in the terry loops, so that irregularities have existed in some instances.

By the present invention it is possible to simplify the weaving of terry fabrics particularly in connection with normal pile weaving, and to obtain more reliable and uniform results.

In accordance with the invention, it is not necessary to vary the initial tension of the terry warp loop forming ends with respect to normal practice, and the thread-in or drawup can be either normal or special, as desired. The terryloop is formed by positively feeding the terry loop forming ends forward toward the fell at or about the time of beating up a weft when the terry loop forming ends are at least partially down. The positive feed is preferably accomplished by a feed roll which is advanced a regulated amount, and which preferably is used in connection with a guide holding the terry loop forming yarn at about the lower heddle position.

The invention is applicable in connection with the weaving of float pile projections, so that the fabric may contain float pile projections and terry loops, or float pile projections, normal pile projections and terry loops.

It will be understood that the invention makes it possible to vary the height of the terry loops by varying the forward feedin of the feed roll without attempting to adjust tension or otherwise change weaving practice.

One of the valuable aspects of the invention is that it permits forming terry loops on the ends of the pile warp which are rejected by the jacquard by positively feeding all of theends forward before the beat of the lay, the selected ends because of their greater tension and because they are raised over the wire not forming terry loops.

Considering now the drawings, Figure 1 shows a pile warp 29 withdrawn from a suitable source such as a creel Y Those ends of pile warp 2t) rejected by the jacquard form terry loop forming warp ends 22 and the lingoe heddles manipulating these warp ends are shown at 21' beside the other lingoe heddles merely for convenience in illustration.

A stuifer warp 23 is withdrawn from a suitable source such as a beam 24 over a suitable tensioning device 25 and manipulated by a stuffer warp heddle 26.

The weaving may be accomplished using two binder warps or a single binder warp as desired, reference being made later to weaving with a single binder warp in opposition to the pile, terry loop forming and stuffer warps. In the form of Figures 1 to 4, binder warps 27 and 28 are Withdrawn from a suitable source such as a beam 3% through a suitable tensioning device 31 and manipulated by heddles 32 and 33 respectively.

The ends which form the pile warp and the terry loop warp are led toward the fell 34 at a level about the lower position of the heddle eyes as shown in Figures- 1 to 3 passing through a comb 35 which is desirably open at the top to aid in threading, then into engage.

The feed roll has a gripping surface which is preferably roughened as by exposing the abrasive surface of sandpaper on the outside of the roll, and is advanced. in suitable increments as by lever 38 (Figure 9) pivoted on the roll pivot at 40 and carrying pawl 41 urged against the teeth of ratchet 42 by spring 43 and manipulated by rod 44 pivoted at 45 to the opposite end of the lever and actuated by a special feed roll cam after the manner of the heddle cams normally employed on the loom.

In the position of Figure 1, the selected ends of pie warp 20 are raised by raising the lingoe heddles '21, rejected ends 22 which are to form the terry loops on this cycle are raised half way by raising lingoe heddles 21 half way, binder warp 27 and stutfer warp 23 are raised half way, and binder warp 28 is lowered. A wire 46 is inserted in upper shed 47 and the shuttle passes across lower shed 48 to insert a shot of weft Before the lay 51 heats up the wire 46 and weft 50 the feed roll 36 feeds the yarn forward one step (ratchet notch). It will be understood that prior to this forward feed the feed roll has acted to increase the drag on the pile yarn 20 and the terry loop forming yarn 22, but as the jacquard raises pile yarn ends 20 high and raises the terry loop forming yarn ends 22 only half way, the pile yarn ends 20 are very taut and the terry loop forming ends 22 are less taut. Sag is relieved in pile yarn ends 20 and since this raises them slightly where they pass over the feed roll 36, this partly relieves the drag on the pile yarn ends 20.

When the feed roll 36 feeds forward, the feed is sufficient to release the tension on terry loop forming warp ends 22, but the more severely tensioned pile yarn ends 20 raised by the jacquard still remain strongly tensioned.

Figure 2 shows the result of the beat of the lay 51 on the wire 46 and weft 30, with the shed as shown in Figure 1. The beat is taken just after the feed roll 36 feeds forward. Slack tensioned terry loop forming yarn ends 22 are pushed up by weft 50 in terry loops 52, which suitably rest against the back of wire 46.

The terry loops 52 can be adjusted in height by adjusting the forward feed of the feed roll 36, but typically they are lower than the loops or tufts 54 formed over the wires.

Between Figures 2 and 3 some heddles shift. The binder warp position remains the same, but all other warps are fully lowered and the shuttle passes across the lower shed 48 inserting a shot of weft 53. The lay 51 then proceeds to beat up this weft toward the ell.

This completes one sequence of weaving steps, the binder warp heddles reversing before proceeding with the operations as shown in Figure 1, but all other features on the next step being as shown in Figure 1.

The invention is desirably applied with a special jacquard of the character of my United States patent application Serial No. 293,978, filed June 17, 1952, for Jacquard Mechanism and Process, now U. S. Patent 2,649,862, incorporated herein by reference, by which selected float pile warp ends are held up over two wires to form float pile projections 55 at any desired longitudinal or lateral positions. The presence of the terry loops adjoining and inside the floats tends to support the floats and prevent backing down of the float projection.

The invention is applicable to a conventional threadin or draw-up of the character shown in Figure 5, in which in each dent of the reed the binder warp ends 27 and 28 of opposed binder warps are placed side by side, and adjoining pile Warp end 20, and stuffer warp end 23, as shown. The split 56 is on either side. In near-by dents, where the lingoe heddle rejects the face warp end, the end 20 Will be replaced by a terry loop forming end 22 since only one frame is present in Figures 1 to 4. There is an adequate pinching of the terry loop forming ends by other warps in this draw-up or threadin, using the positive forward feed of the present invention without the necessity of bracketing the terry warp ends as disclosed in the Hoeselbarth application above referred to.

Where, however, a firmer grip on the terry loop form ing ends is desired at the time they are being raised and the terry loop forming yarn is being fed toward the fell, a bracket type of thread-in or draw-up may be used as shown in Figure 6.

In this form the binder warp ends 27 and 28 are separated by the end 20 which is selected to form the pile or rejected to form the terry loop, in the particular dent, and the binder warp ends are woven together and in opposition to the pile warp, and stuffer warp. The stutfer warp end 23 is desirably placed outside the bracket and permissibly may be adjoining the split 56.

The invention is not limited to Wilton or Brussels Weaving, but can be applied to velvet or tapestry weaving, as shown in Figure 7. In this case the pile warp ends on a particular heddle either all form normal pile or all form float pile.

The invention can also be employed in a weave as shown in Figure 8 in which only terry loops are formed and no pile projections raised over wires are created, at least in the particular area of the fabric.

It will be evident, of course, that the invention is applicable to any desired combination of wires, whether the wires be cutting, non-cutting, high, low, straight, wavy, or flag with a high non-cutting portion beyond the shed at the end remote from the head), and it will be evident that these wires may be combined in any desired sequence of cutting, non-cutting, high, low, straight, wavy and flag. It will also be evident that special thread-ins or draw-ups may be used at any desired position, and that such thread-ins or draw-ups will where desired vary throughout the width of the fabric.

While it is usually sufficient to use the feed roll and guide arrangement of Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, in some cases more drag is desired than this will supply. For this purpose the arrangement of Figure la is used, the guide 37 and feed roll 36 being positioned as in Figures 1 to 3, but the pile and terry loop forming yarn ends 20 and 22 being carried under a suitably smooth idling roll 57 between roll 36 and the normal tensioning devices and creel.

In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the benefits of my invention without copying the process, loom and fabric shown, and I therefore claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The process of weaving a warp pile fabric, using heddles and a gripping roll on the side of the heddles remote from the fell, which comprises passing a plurality of face warp yarn ends in engagement with the gripping roll, then through the heddles and to the fell, interweaving the face warp yarn ends with at least one binder warp set, and with wefts, in the interweaving forming a shed by the heddles with certain of the face warp yarn ends fully raised to form part of an upper shed and certain of the face warp yarn ends at least partially lowered to form part of a lower shed, inserting a weft in the lower shed, feeding the gripping roll in a direction to advance the face warp yarn ends in the lower shed toward the fell to form terry loops, and beating up the weft toward the fell to form terry loops from the face warp yarn ends in the lower shed, whereby the fully raised face warp yarn ends do not form terry loops while the face warp yarn ends in the lower shed do form terry loops.

2. The process of claim 1, which comprises inserting a wire in the upper shed, and beating up the wire with the weft.

3. The process of claim 2, which comprises selecting the face warp yarn ends to be fully raised according to a pattern.

4. The process of claim 3, which comprises in the interweaving raising at least some of the face warp yarn ends over single pile wires and immediately lowering the same below wefts, and floating at least some of the face warp yarn ends over a plurality of pile wires in different upper sheds and then lowering the same below wefts.

5. The process of claim 2, which comprises feeding the gripping roll to advance the face warp yarn ends in the 5 lower shed at the level of the lowest weft position.

6. The process of claim 2, which comprises holding the face warp yarn ends in the lower shed in the half raised position.

10 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 6 Jacobsen Dec. 17, 1940 Harding July 26, 1949 Harding July 26, 1949 Great Nov. 1,1949 Crawford May 15, 1951 Jackson Nov. 27, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Switzerland Oct. 1, 1921 Great Britain July 6, 1927 

